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lathe machine

LATHE MACHINE

Lathe Machine is a machine basically used for removing the undesirable material, in the form of chips, from the cylindrical surfaces.

A lathe machine is the oldest, most simple, most versatile and the most widdy used of all the machine tools.

PRINCIPLE

In lathe machine the work piece to be machined is held firmly and rotated about the axis, while cutting the tool is moved relatively to the work piece. Because of this reason the lathe machine is also known as turning machine.

The cutting tool which is made of the harder material than that of the workpiece.it removes the undesirable material from the work piece in the form of the chips, so as to give the desired shape and size to the work piece.

PARTS OF THE LATHE MACHINE

The lathe machine is consist of the following six basic elements

1. Bed                                      2.Head Stock                           3.Tailstock

4. Carriage                              5.Lead Screw                           6.FeedDrive

1. BED

The bed is the base of the lathe. The top of the bed has two guide ways to provide the support and the sliding surfaces for the carriage and the tailstock. The bed is made up of cast iron. The function of bed is to support all other elements of the lathe.

2. Head stock

The head stock is permanently fastened to the left hand end of the lathe bed. The function of head stock is to support the spindle and to house the main drive. Spindle is the hollow rotating shaft used for holding the work piece Main drive is used to drive the spindle and to change the spindle speed .the main drive is powered by an electric motor.

3. Tailstock

The tailstock is located at the right hand end of the lathe bed..It can be moved along the guide ways on the lathe bed and can be clamped in any position on the lathe bed..It is used to hold the dead centre which can support the long work piece during machining and to hold the tool like drills .

4. Carriage

The carriage is located between the head stock and the tailstock of the lathe bed    .                   It slides along the guide ways on the lathe bed..The function of carriage is to hold the cutting tool and to give the longitudinal or cross feed to the cutting tool.

5. Lead screw

 Lead screw is the long threaded shaft driven by the feed drive..It is used for giving the mechanized motion of the carriage for cutting threads on the work piece.

6. Feed drive

Feed drive is the unit used for transmitting the power and the motion from the main drive to the lead screw with require reduction ratio.